Effect of age on lymphocyte beta 2-adrenergic responsiveness

Beta-adrenergic receptor agonists and antagonists are among the most widely used classes of agents in the US today. Heterogeneity in pharmacologic response among humans exists. This article reviews the influence of age on lymphocyte beta 2-adrenergic receptor responses. Evidence obtained in humans indicates that beta-adrenergic receptor numbers on peripheral blood cells may differ, although the direction of the change is not consistent among laboratories. Drug-induced regulation of receptors either up or down appears to be similar among age groups. The affinity of beta-adrenoceptor binding sites for isoproterenol decreases with aging. Events distal to the receptor recognition site itself exhibit age-related differences, presumably due to a decrease in the coupling of beta-adrenoceptors to adenylate cyclase. Mechanisms of decreased catecholamine responsiveness during aging remain to be defined. The precise definition of these alterations may contribute useful insights into the changes that occur with aging in response to catecholamines, other hormones, and neurotransmitters.