Anthropometric and pharmacotherapeutic variables on acute emesis induced by cisplatin-containing chemotherapy

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the effects of anthropometric and pharmacotherapeutic variables on acute emesis induced by cisplatin-containing regimens with dosages > or =50 mg x m(-2). METHODS: A prospective, cross-sectional, noncontrolled study was performed to analyze acute vomiting during the first 24 hours in patients treated in a Spanish hospital. The patients received an intravenous combination of drugs (2 doses of metoclopramide 3 mg/kg, dexamethasone 20 mg) as first-choice antiemetic therapy. Intravenous ondansetron 8 mg and dexamethasone 20 mg served as an alternative regimen in patients <30 years old with a history of extrapyramidal manifestations or emesis in previous cycles. Therapeutic failure was used as a dependent variable, defined as three or more vomiting episodes documented by the patients. Other variables were the chemotherapeutic regimen; antiemetic regimen; patient gender, age, weight, and height; and cycle number. The reference logistic model and two reduced-models derived from the latter were designed. The logistic models were subsequently validated by means of receiving operating characteristic curves. RESULTS: A total of 319 cycles involving 106 patients were studied. The metoclopramide regimen was administered in 66% of the cycles. The therapeutic failure rate was 21% for the metoclopramide regimen and 32% for the ondansetron treatment. The logistic model developed identified the type of chemotherapeutic regimen provided as the most significant prognostic variable (p < 0.0001). Patient weight (odds ratio 1.64) and height (odds ratio 1.28) were identified as prognostic factors related with therapeutic failure. CONCLUSIONS: The type of chemotherapeutic regimen administered and the anthropometric characteristics of the patients exert a clear conditioning effect on risks associated with therapeutic failure against acute emesis following high-dose cisplatin therapy. Such anthropometric parameters have not been previously identified as prognostic factors.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. L. Catalan-Aplandis, N. V. Jimenez-Torres, J. Calpe-Maravilla, and D. Almenar-Cubells Gender and anthropometrics of patients undergoing cisplatin-containing chemotherapy as determinants of acute emesis over repeat courses Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice, June 1, 2002; 8(2-3): 89 - 95. [Abstract] [PDF]