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AMBULATORY CARE

Combating the Obesity Epidemic: Community Pharmacists' Counseling on Obesity Management

PhD Candidate, Division of Pharmacy Administration, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX

Carolyn M Brown, PhD

Associate Professor, Division of Pharmacy Administration, The University of Texas at Austin

Dannielle C O'Donnell, PharmD BCPS

Primary Care Medical Liaison, Roche Labs, Inc., Austin; Clinical Assistant Professor, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin

Reprints: Homa B Dastani MS, Division of Pharmacy Administration, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Dr., A 1930, Austin, TX 78712-0127, fax 512/471-8762, homa{at}mail.utexas.edu

BACKGROUND: Obesity is reaching an epidemic proportion in the US. Nearly two-thirds (64.7%) of US adults are overweight or obese. Given the myriad of issues related to the management of obesity, community pharmacists can facilitate weight loss among their patients.

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors that influence the frequency of counseling obese patients by community pharmacists.

METHODS: A mail survey was sent to a random sample of 400 Texas community pharmacists. The questionnaire collected information on frequency of counseling obese patients, perceived comfort level with counseling obese patients, perceived effectiveness of various obesity treatments, and perceived confidence in achieving positive outcomes as a result of counseling. Demographic information was also collected. Descriptive statistics, correlational analyses, and t-tests were used to examine the data.

RESULTS: A usable response rate of 35.2% was obtained (139 completed surveys out of 395 assumed delivered). Overall, pharmacists counseled patients rarely to sometimes about various aspects of obesity management. Correlational analyses revealed that pharmacists' frequency of counseling about obesity management was significantly and positively associated with their comfort level with counseling obese patients (r = 0.47; p < 0.001). Higher levels of confidence in achieving positive outcomes as a result of counseling (r = 0.39; p < 0.001) and higher levels of perceived effectiveness of obesity management options (r = 0.18; p = 0.037) were also significantly associated with higher levels of counseling about obesity management.

CONCLUSIONS: Obesity counseling by pharmacists was positively correlated with their perceived comfort with counseling obese patients, confidence in achieving positive outcomes, and effectiveness of obesity management options.

Key Words: obesity management, pharmacist counseling

Published Online, September 21, 2004. www.theannals.com, DOI 10.1345/aph.1E205

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