The Annals New | Pharmaco Epidemiology and Therapeutic Risk Management
home help contact us subscription past issues search current issue
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     


Published Online, 13 September 2005, www.theannals.com, DOI 10.1345/aph.1G194.
 The Annals of Pharmacotherapy: Vol. 39, No. 10, pp. 1654-1658. DOI 10.1345/aph.1G194
© 2005 Harvey Whitney Books Company.
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow PDF
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Articles Ahead of Print
Right arrow [Order Reprint]
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Hecq, J.-D.
Right arrow Articles by Galanti, L. M
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Hecq, J.-D.
Right arrow Articles by Galanti, L. M

PAIN MANAGEMENT

Effect of Freezing, Long-Term Storage, and Microwave Thawing on the Stability of Ketorolac Tromethamine

Jean-Daniel Hecq, PharmD1, Laurence P Boitquin, PharmD2, Danielle F Vanbeckbergen3, Jacques Jamart, MD4, and Laurence M Galanti, MD PhD5

1 Pharmacist, Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital of Mont-Godinne, Yvoir, Belgium
2 Pharmacist, Medical Laboratory, University Hospital of Mont-Godinne
3 Medical Laboratory, Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital of Mont-Godinne
4 Center of Biostatistics and Medical Documentation, University Hospital of Mont-Godinne
5 Medical Laboratory, University Hospital of Mont-Godinne

Reprints: Dr. Galanti, Cliniques Universitaires UCL Mont-Godinne, Medical Laboratory, Avenue Therasse, 1, B-5530 Yvoir, Belgium, fax 32 81423204, galanti{at}mexp.ucl.ac.be

BACKGROUND: Ketorolac tromethamine is a nonsteroidal agent with potent analgesic and moderate antiinflammatory activity. Advance preparation of intravenous solution could be useful to improve quality assurance, time management, and cost-savings of drug delivery.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of freezing, long-term storage, and microwave thawing on the stability of ketorolac tromethamine in dextrose 5% infusion.

METHODS: Five polyolefin bags of solution containing ketorolac tromethamine 20 mg per 100 mL of dextrose 5% were frozen for 3 months at -20 °C, thawed in a microwave oven with a validated cycle, and stored at 4 °C. The concentration of ketorolac was measured by HPLC. Visual inspection and pH measurement were also carried out.

RESULTS: No color change or precipitation was observed. Ketorolac was stable for at least 60 days under refrigeration after freeze-thaw. Throughout this period, the lower confidence limit of the estimated regression line of the concentration-time profile remained >90% of the initial concentration, and the pH value decreased slightly without affecting chromatographic parameters.

CONCLUSIONS: Within these limits, ketorolac tromethamine in dextrose 5% infusion may be prepared and frozen in advance by a centralized intravenous admixture service, then thawed before use in clinical units.

Key Words: drug stability, freezing, HPLC, infusion, ketorolac, microwave thawing

Published Online, September 13, 2005. www.theannals.com, DOI 10.1345/aph.1G194


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J Oncol Pharm PractHome page
J. Cadrobbi, J.-D. Hecq, D. Vanbeckbergen, J. Jamart, and L. Galanti
Long-term stability of sodium folinate in dextrose 5% polyolefin bags at 4{degrees}C
Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice, June 1, 2007; 13(2): 99 - 103.
[Abstract] [PDF]


homecopy help contact us subscription past issues search current issue
Copyright © 2005 by Harvey Whitney Books Company.