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Published Online, 19 April 2005, www.theannals.com, DOI 10.1345/aph.1E328.
 The Annals of Pharmacotherapy: Vol. 39, No. 6, pp. 1088-1092. DOI 10.1345/aph.1E328
© 2005 Harvey Whitney Books Company.
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DRUG INFORMATION ROUNDS

Nebulized Morphine for Relief of Dyspnea Due to Chronic Lung Disease

Sherrill J Brown, DVM PharmD

Director of Drug Information, College of Health Professions and Biomedical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Montana, Missoula, MT

Samantha F Eichner, PharmD

Clinical Science Manager, Immunology Franchise, Pharmaceutical Products Division, Abbott Laboratories, Memphis, TN

Jennifer R Jones, PharmD BCPS

Coordinator of Drug Use Policy and Drug Information, Methodist Healthcare—University Hospital, Memphis

Reprints: Dr. Brown, University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr., Skaggs Bldg. 217, Missoula, MT 59812-1522, fax 406/243-4353, sherrill.brown{at}umontana.edu

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nebulized morphine for the management of dyspnea in chronic pulmonary diseases.

DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (1966–May 2004), EMBASE (1980–May 2004), and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970–May 2004) searches were performed. Key search terms included morphine, dyspnea, and inhalation.

DATA SYNTHESIS: Nine studies have evaluated the efficacy of nebulized morphine in relieving dyspnea. Three trials had positive resuts, but the rest failed to show improvement after treatment with doses ranging from 1 to 40 mg nebulized morphine. The small number of subjects, variety of disease states, and different outcome measures limit interpretation of the studies.

CONCLUSIONS: Results from several small studies do not support the use of nebulized morphine for treatment of dyspnea; however, several positive case reports have been published.

Key Words: dyspnea, morphine, nebulization

Published Online, April 19, 2005. www.theannals.com, DOI 10.1345/aph.1E328


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