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NEW DRUG DEVELOPMENTS

Panitumumab: A Fully Human Monoclonal Antibody with Activity in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Associate Professor, Pharmacy Practice, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, MI; Sparrow Health System, Department of Pharmacy, Lansing, MI

H Stephen Lee, MS PharmD

Assistant Professor, Pharmacy Practice, Ferris State University; Spectrum Health, Blodgett Campus, Department of Pharmacy, Grand Rapids, MI

Reprints: Dr. Saadeh, Sparrow Health System, Department of Pharmacy, 1215 E Michigan Ave., Lansing, MI 48909, fax 517/364-2088, saadehc{at}ferris.edu

OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical trials, adverse effects, and drug interactions of panitumumab.

DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search was conducted (1966–February 2007) using the search terms panitumumab, ABX-EGF, E7.6.3, monoclonal antibody, colorectal neoplasm, epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFr, and epidermal growth factor receptor signal transduction. Articles and abstracts were further identified from the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network.

STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Clinical trials evaluating panitumumab for solid tumors were selected from the data sources. All published relevant abstracts were included.

DATA SYNTHESIS: The most recent developments in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer include the monoclonal antibodies targeted against vascular endothelial growth factor and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr). Panitumumab is the first fully human monoclonal antibody that binds to EGFr. Clinical activity has been demonstrated, most notably in patients with EGFr-positive metastatic colorectal cancer who have failed prior therapy. Phase III study results indicate a 46% reduction in the rate of tumor progression in treated patients compared with those who received best supportive care alone. Panitumumab is well tolerated, with acneiform rash the most common dose-dependent adverse effect. Studies thus far indicate a low rate of infusion-related reactions (1%, grade 3–4).

CONCLUSIONS: Panitumumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody with promising activity in treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who have failed previous therapy, offering a favorable safety profile.

Key Words: colorectal cancer, panitumumab

Published Online, March 13, 2007. www.theannals.com, DOI 10.1345/aph.1H492

THIS ARTICLE IS APPROVED FOR CONTINUING EDUCATION CREDIT
ACPE UNIVERSAL PROGRAM NUMBER: 407-000-07-012-H01

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