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DRUG INFORMATION

Effect of Drug Information Request Templates on Pharmacy Student Compliance with the Modified Systematic Approach to Answering Drug Information Questions

Drug Information Specialty Resident, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA

Shelby L Corman, PharmD BCPS

Assistant Professor of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh; Clinical Specialist, Drug Information, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Margaret M Verrico, BS Pharm

Assistant Professor of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh; Clinical Specialist, Drug Information, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Tara L Pummer, PharmD

Assistant Professor of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh; Clinical Specialist, Drug Information, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Reprints: Dr. Pummer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 302 Scaife Hall, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, fax 412/647-1441, gesiortl{at}upmc.edu

BACKGROUND: The modified systematic approach to answering drug information questions is a technique used in drug information practice and in teaching pharmacy students to effectively provide drug information. Drug information request templates were developed to prompt students and other trainees to ask appropriate background questions and perform an effective search.

OBJECTIVE: An evaluation was conducted to determine whether use of drug information templates by fourth-year pharmacy students during their drug information experiential rotation improved compliance with the modified systematic approach.

METHODS: Fifty documented drug information requests, including 25 prior to template implementation (August 2005–August 2006) and 25 after template implementation (August 2007–August 2008), were randomly selected for evaluation. Each question was evaluated for completeness of background information obtained, categorization and identification of the ultimate question, completeness of references searched, and formulation of a concise response and an evidence-based recommendation.

RESULTS: Background information was complete in 16% of pre-template questions and 92% of post-template questions (p < 0.001). Eighty-four percent of pre-template questions and 96% of post-template questions were appropriately categorized (p = 0.349). The requestor's ultimate question was clearly identified in 68% of pretemplate questions and 92% of post-template questions (p = 0.074). All necessary references were searched in 36% of pre-template questions and 88% of post-template questions (p < 0.001). A concise response was documented in 80% of pretemplate questions and 92% of post-template questions (p = 0.417). In questions determined to require a specific recommendation among the pre-template (n = 20) and post-template groups (n = 14), a clear and evidence-based recommendation was described in 40% (p = 0.038) and 79% (p = 0.038), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Use of drug information request templates improves students' compliance with the modified systematic approach, most notably in obtaining background information and searching necessary references including primary literature.

Key Words: drug information center, drug information template, modified systematic approach, pharmacy students, systematic approach

Published Online, October 20, 2009. www.theannals.com, DOI 10.1345/aph.1M293