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Published Online, 18 May 2004, www.theannals.com, DOI 10.1345/aph.1E018.
The Annals of Pharmacotherapy: Vol. 38, No. 7, pp. 1123-1129. DOI 10.1345/aph.1E018
© 2004 Harvey Whitney Books Company.
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CRITICAL CARE

ANTECEDENTES: Pacientes quirúrgicos cardiotorá cicos críticamente enfermos son propensos a hipoglicemia y a un riesgo mayor de infecciones en el lugar de la cirugía postoperatoriamente. El tratamiento agresivo con insulina es requerido para lograr un control glicémico firme y mejorar los resultados.

OBJETIVO: Examinar y reportar el desempeño de un protocolo para la infusió n de insulina con el propó sito de mantener un control glicémico firme (TGC, por sus siglas en inglés), definido como una glucosa en sangre (GS) de 80–150 mg/dL en pacientes de cirugía cardiotorá cica críticamente enfermos.

MÉTODOS: Un protocolo para la infusió n de insulina, conducido por enfermeras, fue desarrollado e iniciado en pacientes de cirugía cardiotorá cica postoperatorios en cuidado intensivo quirúrgico con o sin diabetes. En este estudio cohorte, se efectuaron 2 períodos de medida: un período base de 6 meses antes del comienzo del protocolo de infusió n de insulina (grupo control, n = 174 pacientes) seguido por un período de intervenció n de 6 meses en el que se utilizó el protocolo (grupo TGC, n = 168 pacientes).

RESULTADOS: Por ciento y tiempo de las medidas de GS dentro del alcance TGC: control = 47% versus TGC = 61%, p = 0.001; á rea debajo de la curva de exposició n de glucosa >150 mg/dL versus tiempo por las primeras 24 horas de infusió n de insulina: control = 28.4 versus TGC = 14.8, p < 0.001; tiempo promedio para la GS <150 mg/dL: control 9.4 h versus TGC = 2.1 h, p < 0.001; y por ciento de GS < 65 mg/dL como un marcador para hipoglicemia: control = 9.8% versus TGC = 16.7%, NS.

CONCLUSIONES: Un protocolo para la infusió n de insulina diseñado para alcanzar un nivel de glucosa en sangre de 80–150 mg/dL, eficientemente y significativamente mejoró TGC en pacientes de cirugía cardiotorá cica postoperatorios críticamente enfermos sin aumentar significativamente la incidencia de hipoglicemia.

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This Article
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Copyright © 2004 by Harvey Whitney Books Company.